Bhagavad Gita 3.16

 

Bhagavad Gita: Understanding Verse 3.16

Sanskrit Verse 3.16

एवं प्रवर्तितं चक्रं नानुवर्तयतीह यः।
अघायुरिन्द्रियारामो मोघं पार्थ स जीवति॥

Transliteration

Evaṁ pravartitaṁ chakraṁ nānuvartayatīha yaḥ |
Aghāyur indriyārāmo moghaṁ pārtha sa jīvati ||

Translation

"He who does not follow the eternal cycle (of sacrifice) established in this world, and instead lives a life of sense enjoyment, O Partha (Arjuna), lives in vain."

"हे पार्थ (अर्जुन), जो इस संसार में स्थापित सनातन यज्ञ-चक्र का पालन नहीं करता, तथा इसके स्थान पर इन्द्रिय-भोगों में जीवन व्यतीत करता है, वह व्यर्थ ही जीता है।"

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Explanation of Verse 3.16

This verse from the Bhagavad Gita emphasizes the importance of performing one's duties in accordance with the divine order. Lord Krishna explains that the universe operates in a cyclic system where every being has a role to play. Those who fail to contribute to this cycle and instead indulge solely in sensual pleasures waste their lives.

The Divine Cycle (Chakra)

The "chakra" (cycle) mentioned here refers to the cosmic cycle of life, karma (action), yajña (sacrifice), and sustenance. This cycle includes:

1. Yajña (Sacrifice) – Offering one's actions selflessly for the greater good.
2. Rain & Food Production – Sacrifices and good actions lead to prosperity in nature.
3. Sustenance of Life – Proper nourishment supports all beings.
4. Righteous Duty (Dharma) – Fulfilling one's role in society ensures harmony.

By participating in this cycle through righteous actions, one contributes to the welfare of all beings.

The Consequence of Neglecting Duty

Krishna warns that those who disregard this divine order live in vain. Such individuals are:

• Aghāyuh (Living a sinful life) – Their life becomes sinful due to selfish pursuits.
• Indriyārāmaḥ (Attached to sense pleasures) – They seek only material enjoyment, neglecting higher spiritual duties.
• Mogham Jīvati (Living in vain) – Their life lacks true purpose and fulfillment.

Relevance in Modern Life

In today's world, this verse teaches us the importance of duty, selfless service, and contributing to society. Instead of merely chasing personal pleasures, individuals should work towards the greater good, ensuring a balanced and fulfilling life.

By aligning our actions with the divine cycle, we find deeper meaning in life and contribute to universal harmony.

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Conclusion

Bhagavad Gita 3.16 teaches that life should not be lived selfishly but in accordance with dharma (duty) and the greater cosmic order. Those who live only for personal pleasures waste the precious gift of human life. Instead, one should embrace selfless service, uphold righteousness, and contribute to the welfare of all.

This message remains timeless, guiding us toward a purposeful and fulfilling life.